DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF CONTROLLER FOR MOTION CONTROL SYSTEM

In motor drive applications, the mechanical properties of electrical motor under various load and operating conditions are different. These changes highly influence the performance of motor drive systems as the system's dynamic response under these variations is affected. This project presents the design and development of a system controller for motion control system. The basic approach used in this project is by using the modem control engineering theory through the state space approach. The state space design approach was used instead of the conventional control because state space design is most suitable for nonlinear system and multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system set-up. In the initial stage, the controller system for motion control system was designed using the linearized equation of motion. For this motion control system, the load torque was selected as the input with mechanical angnlar position as the output. This project consists of modelling and simulation using Simulink, and performance evaluation is done through the system analysis. A satisfactory performance is achieved from the designed controller system which is better than the conventional control in terms of controllability, observability and stability to be used in motion control system

Penggunaan perkhidmatan terminal layan diri sistem perbankan dalam kalangan pengguna di Parit Raja, Johor

Perubahan teknologi yang semakin pesat telah memberikan impak yang besar ke atas perkembangan industri perbankan secara global termasuklah industri perbankan di Malaysia. Lantaran itu, wujud alternatif perkhidmatan bank melalui perbankan elektronik seperti Automated Teller Machines (ATM), phone banking, PC-banking dan perbankan internet sebagai alat pemudah cara. Sistem perbankan turut berkembang seiring dengan arus perubahan teknologi dengan menyediakan perkhidmatan terminal layan diri selain perkhidmatan kaunter bank seperti mesin juruwang automatik, mesin deposit tunai, mesin deposit cek, mesin mengemas kini buku simpanan dan terminal helpline. Sistem perbankan dahulu dan kini jauh berbeza oleh kerana peredaran masa dan teknologi hari ini yang semakin berkembang pesat. Perkhidmatan terminal layan diri kini merupakan perkara penting dalam kehidupan seharian. Perubahan ini membawa kepada satu perubahan gaya hidup yang baharu. Penerimaan atau penolakan sesuatu inovasi bermula apabila pelanggan mengetahui tentang produk tersebut (Rogers & Shoemaker, 1971). Di United Kingdom, Daniel (1999) melaporkan bahawa pelanggan biasanya akan mencari produk kewangan dan bank yang menawarkan nilai yang terbaik kepada wang yang dilaburkan. Oleh itu, para pelanggan mesti diberitahu akan kewujudan dan kelebihan produk baharu berbanding saluran sedia ada melalui aktiviti promosi yang hebat agar ia lebih membantu pihak bank untuk mencapai sasarannya (Suganthi et al., 2001)

Faktor pemindahan pengetahuan teknologi di kalangan pekerja tempatan

Malaysia adalah sebuah negara yang boleh dikelaskan sebagai negara yang masih muda tetapi telah menjalani banyak perubahan dalam struktur ekonominya. Untuk merealisasikan Wawasan 2020, kerajaan mula menceburi dan mempergiatkan diri di dalam sektor pembuatan dan perkhidmatan. Penglibatan ini adalah sangat penting bagi membolehkan kerajaan mencapai tahap 7 peratus per tahun dalam pertumbuhan Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar (KDNK) yang diperlukan dalam visi merealisasikan impian Wawasan 2020. Bagi rancangan jangka panjang kedua (RRJP2), sasaran pertumbuhan tersebut berjaya dicapai melalui penglibatan dalam sektor pembuatan dan perkhidmatan. Sejak 30 tahun yang lalu, KDNK dalam sektor pembuatan telah menurun dari 24.6 peratus kepada 22.3 peratus, namun sektor perkhidmatan telah mencatatkan peningkatan dari 46.8 peratus kepada 57.7 peratus (Kasim, 2020)

Corporate social responsibility and market orientation : an integrated approach towards organizational performance

Takaful operators in countries dominated by Muslim are still experiencing low penetration rate. New emerging customer segments have higher expectation where Takaful operators need more innovative approaches in acquiring and retaining customers. Moreover, Takaful companies need to apply marketing, societal and entrepreneurial concept to make the industry more competitive. Although many Islamic banking and Takaful studies have been conducted, empirical Takaful research is still limited. Therefore, the primary focus of this study is to empirically investigate the influence of market orientation and corporate social responsibility (CSR) towards Takaful agencies’ organizational performance in Malaysia. The first phase of the study involved refinement of CSR measurement items by performing exploratory factor analysis (EFA), where a new dimension was identified. The second phase of study was to test the hypotheses by employing all items adopted from past studies including the refined CSR measures. PLS-SEM analysis involving a two-step approach on 211 valid data shows co-adoption of CSR and market orientation influences organizational performance

Mechanical properties of self-compacting geopolymer concrete containing spent garnet as replacement for fine aggregate

Millions of tons of spent garnet, a by-product of surface treatment operations, are disposed of in landfills, oceans, rivers, and quarries, among others every year, thus it causes environmental problems. The main objective of this study is to evaluate spent garnet as a sand replacement in concrete prepared with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS)-based self-compacting geopolymer concrete (SCGC). Concrete mixtures containing 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% spent garnet as a replacement for river sand were prepared with a constant Liquid/Binder (L/B) mass ratio equal to 0.4. Compressive, flexural and splitting tensile strengths as well as workability tests (slump, L-box, U-box and T50) were conducted on concrete containing spent garnet. As per specification and guidelines for self-compacting concrete (EFNARC) standard, the test results showed that the concrete’s workability increased with the increase of spent garnet, while all the other strength values were consistently lower than conventional concrete (SCGC) at all stages of replacement. The results recommended that spent garnet should be used in concrete as a sand replacement up to 25% to reduce environmental problems, costs and the depletion of natural resources

Development of a survey instrument for measuring workers satisfaction on usability of manual handling equipments at the warehouse: a pilot study

Scientific evidence show that manual handling devices are one of the effectives controls that can lower the physical demands of manual material handling (MMH) activities. Incidence and severity of the musculoskeletal injuries might happen to workers while company’s productivity, product quality, and overall busi�ness competitiveness also will be affected. However, few studies had been done regarding on manual handling devices provided in the industries especially in term of user satisfaction on the usability of the devices when performing their job and task. The aim of this study is to develop a survey instrument for the evaluation of worker satisfaction on usability of manual handling device among warehouse worker in manufacturing industry. A set of questionnaires was developed which consist of three sections; demographic profile of respondent, work nature and discomfort survey and worker satisfaction on the usability of the manual handling devices. The content of the questionnaire was derived through extend literature reviews and expert’s opinions. A pilot study was conducted at four manufacturing companies in their warehouse’s operation. The reliability and validity of the instrument were determined through Cronbach’s Alpha, face validity and content validity. Cronbach’s Alpha values for each section of the questionnaire range from 0.937 and 0.961 while the value for Cronbach’s Alpha for all 35 standardized items is 0.921. The finding shows that the survey instrument has face and content validity at acceptable level. In conclusion, finding indicated that this instrument had acceptable and adequate reliability and validity to meet its objectives. The survey instrument now ready to be distributed in larger data sets

The evaluation of workers satisfaction on usability of manual handling equipment among warehouse workers in Malaysia

Numerous researchers have found that heavy physical demand and improper posture when performing the tasks in various sectors such as manufacturing and warehouse might contribute to the musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) especially when the tasks involving lifting, pushing and pulling activities. In order to reduce high risk manual handling activities, effectives and usable manual handling equipment (MHE) should be introduce to lower the physical demand of manual material handling (MMH) acti�vities. However, most of the MHE studies previously is not really focus on usability evaluation. So, this study intends to evaluate the usability of current MHE used in manufacturing warehouse operation in term of efficiency, comfortability, energy expenditure, safety aspect, design, productivity, effectiveness and user friendliness. A usability survey was conducted among warehouse workers in manufacturing com�pany at southern region of peninsular Malaysia. Besides that, the prevalence of backpain among the warehouse workers was measured through Modified Nordic Discomfort Assessment tools that are incorporate in the usability survey. Result for the most least agreement in user usability for pallet jack was energy expenditure (3.73), efficiency (3.96) and comfortability (3.99); for load carrying cart was energy expen�diture (3.62), design (3.74) and comfortability (3.90); for forklift was comfortability (3.87), design (3.93) and safety (4.08); for pallet stackers was energy expenditure (3.79), design (3.82) and user friendliness (3.82); for conveyor system was productivity (3.50), comfortability (4.00) and safety (4.00). It was also found that the highest prevalence of MSDs among warehouse workers was lower back, followed by legs (left and right) and shoulders (left and right). In conclusion, most MHE available in manufacturing warehouse operation lacking in term of energy expenditure, efficiency, comfortability, design and user friendliness. It is clear that the first stage in design criteria for MHE should be developing an understanding of the user usability requirement to ensure the aids are suitable for the tasks

Skills of future workforce: skills gap based on perspectives from academicians and industry players

Apart from having specific knowledge, graduates are expected to possess a set of soft and hard skills to be employed. This study aims to identify soft and hard skills relevant to the future workforce in the electrical and electronic (E&E) industry based on two perspectives; academicians from public higher education institution (HEI) and E&E industry players. Further, the study aims to investigate skills gaps between two stakeholders. A total of 50 academicians and 31 industry players in Malaysia were surveyed using a structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using an independent t-test. In terms of soft skills, analytical thinking skills, communication skills, and discipline were more perceived by academicians, whereas decision-making skills, teamwork skills, and discipline were more favored by industry players. For hard skills, both players favored technology use, except for organizational capabilities which were perceived more by academicians while troubleshooting was favored more by industry players. This study contributes to the collaboration between public HEI and the E&E industry to address the skills gaps, which will benefit all stakeholders. This study focuses on the skills that are perceived more by both stakeholders

TVET skills gap analysis in electrical and electronic industry: perspectives from academicians and industry players

Skills mismatch or skill gap is a long-standing issue whereby the levels and types of the existing skills do not meet the needs of the job market. With no exception, this issue also become one of the challenges that facing by Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET). If this issue prolongs, it will lead to graduate unemployment, specifically in TVET. Therefore, this study aims to identify the occupational skills (including both soft and hard skills) that are perceived as important by those in public Higher Education Institutions (HEI) and the electrical and electronic (E&E) industry which represent the manufacturing industry. A total of 58 academicians from public HEI and 55 industry players from the E&E industry in Malaysia were chosen purposively. These academicians and industry players were selected as they are having experience in occupational skill and training in their respective institutions and industries. Questionnaires were distributed online to these targeted respondents. The results revealed that there are skills gaps in terms of both soft and hard skills, which all skills are skills related to the career in E&E industry. The outcomes of this study should enable the Ministry of Higher Education, mainly in TVET to devise strategies to improve graduate employability. They might also serve as additional evidence for the occurrence of skills mismatch

Aerobic and anaerobic sewage biodegradable processes: the gap analysis

Wastewaterhas become a significant risk and danger to both physical environment and human/animal life due to inefficient management processes. There are many technologies applied in wastewater management. Among them biological treatment methods are widely used as they are cost effective, highly efficient, simple in application, less in chemical usage,less energy consuming and environment friendly.This review covers many aspects of biological wastewater treatment through aerobic and anaerobic methods with special attention on study on Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB), the Expanded Granular Sludge Blanket (EGSB) and Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket-aerobic digester (UASBaerobic digester).We provide a comprehensive account onthe literature on aerobic and anaerobic systems of sewage treatment with UASB, EGSB and UASB-aerobic digester reactors,a comparative analysis on the treatment efficiency of each method, outlining the merits, demerits and constraints.An appraisal tothe combination of aerobic and anaerobic systems, specifically the UASB-Aerobic digester has also been given